MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

▪️In the Natya Shastra, compiled by Bharat Muni dated 200 B.C.-200 A.D., musical instruments have been 

divided into four main categories on the basis of how sound is produced.

 

Tata Vadya - Stringed Instruments 

▪️Sound is produced by the vibration of a string or chord. These vibrations are caused by plucking or by bowing on the string which has been pulled taut. 

▪️It is divided as the plucked and the bowed. 

▪️Examples: veena, rudraveena, gotuvadyam, sitar, sarod, guitar, 

mandolin, etc.

 

Sushira Vadya 

▪️Sound is produced by blowing air into an hollow column. 

▪️Examples: Flute,  Shehnai, Nadaswaram, etc.

 

Avanaddha Vadya 

▪️sound is produced by striking the animal skin which has been 

stretched across an earthern or metal pot or a wooden barrel or 

frame. 

▪️Examples: Drums, table, nagada, etc.

 

Ghana Vadya 

▪️Played with a striker or hammer. 

▪️Examples: Chipli, Taal, sticks, clappers, etc.